Jesus Comes From Heaven

April 25, 2010

Apakah Perjanjian Baru Ditulis Dalam Bahasa Aram?



Banyaknya klaim bahwa Perjanjian Baru aslinya ditulis dalam bahasa Aram dan bukan Yunani. Dikarenakan bahwa kebanyakan orang Yahudi pada zaman itu berbicara Aram dan tidak ada yang berbicara Yunani. Benarkah demikian?

Ada banyak suara di Internet mengenai teori “supremasi Aram” ini, tetapi bagi saya hal ini tidak dapat dipertahankan. Memang benar bahwa bahasa Aram dipakai oleh orang Yahudi di Israel pada zaman Kristus, dan Kristus sendiri berbahasa Aram dan hal ini dikutip di beberapa tempat (misal “Talita kum” di Markus 5:41 dan “Efata” di Markus 7:34). Tetapi Perjanjian Baru ditulis dalam bahasa Yunani, karena itulah bahasa internasional dan bahasa perdagangan Kerajaan Romawi. Manuskrip Yunani dari abad pertama yang mengandung bagian-bagian Perjanjian Baru masih ada yang tersimpan hingga hari ini, sementara manuskrip Aramaik yang paling tua tidak ada yang sekuno itu (walaupun kita tahu bahwa versi terjemahan Aram yaitu Peshitta, adalah terjemahan yang sangat kuno). Tuhan Yesus tidak diragukan lagi dapat berbicara bahasa Aram, Yunani, dan Ibrani. Ia membaca dari kitab Taurat Yahudi di sebuah sinagog, yang ditulis dalam bahasa Ibrani, dan Ia menyinggung iota dan titik (Matius 5:18) yang adalah bagian dari bahasa Ibrani. Mengenai klaim bahwa orang Yahudi tidak berbahasa Yunani, itu tidak benar. Sudah ada bagian-bagian Perjanjian Lama dalam bahasa Yunani sebelum Kristus lahir. Yunani dan Latin adalah bahasa internasional yang resmi di wilayah Mediterrania karena penaklukan oleh Aleksander Agung tiga abad sebelum Kristus. Tulisan di atas salib adalah dalam bahasa Yunani, Latin, dan Ibrani (Lukas 23:38). Paulus, yang menuliskan sebagian besar Perjanjian Baru, jelas fasih berbahasa Yunani (Kis. 21:37).

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